overheads for Section 3

 


A brief interlude on digestion

Overview of digestion
More digestion facts

Overview of biochemical pathways

Chapter 14

Glycolysis

The glycolytic pathway

Another view of the glycolytic pathway

The test version

Details of one individual reaction step

Enzyme compexes facilitate channeling

The energy landscape of glycolysis

The "metabolic" regulation of glycolysis

Glycolytic addenda

Other carboyhdrates are funneled into the glycolytic path

Use of galactose

The fates of pyruvate

Gluconeogenesis

Gluconeogenesis-b

Pyr to PEP

Two other bypasses

Gluconeogenesis and mitochondria

The Pentose pathway

Alternative views of the Pentose pathway

Chapter 15

The role of glycogen phosphorylase

The mechanism of GP

The breakdown of glycogen

Transporting glucose to the blood

Activating glucose for synthesis

The synthesis of glycogen

Regulation of GP

The alloseric regulation of  PFK

Coordinate regulation of PFK and FBP

The role of F2,6BP

Pyruvate Kinase is regulated

Coordinate regulation of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis

Hormonal influence on glucose metabolism

Glycogen synthase is regulated by hormones

Synthesis and hydrolysis of F2,6BP

More on PFK2 and FBPase2

Summary of hormone regulation in the liver



Chapter 16
 

The TCA cycle in metabolism


Some headlines in C-C chemistry


C C bond reactions in biochemistry

Enolate stabilization in carbon-carbon bonds

TPP modifies α-keto acids for decarboxylation

TPP and decarboxylation

Back to Metabolism

The PDC "linking step"

PDC is a geometric complex

Regulation of PDC

Steps of the TCA cycle

The test version

Mech of citrate synthase, more C-C chem

The energy profile of TCA

Regulation of the TCA cycle

Depletion of TCA intermediates

The anaplerotic reactions

Chemistry of pryuvate carboxylase

The aerobic metabolism of glucose

The glyoxylate cycle

The glyoxylate shunt

Linking TCA and glyoxylate shunt

Chapter 17
 

Lipids from ingestion, storage, or synthesis

Fat uptake

Lipid mobilization

Chylomicrons

Lipids released from adipocytes

Post lipase chemistry

Carnitine mediated transport

Beta-oxidation: the big picture

Beta-oxidation:detailed chemistry

Energy production from ox. of palmitoyl CoA

β-ox of oleic acid

β-ox of poly unsaturates

β-ox of odd numbered fatty acids

Peroxisomes in eucaryotes

Branched lipids can undergo α Oxidation

Synthesis of ketone bodies

Use of ketone bodies

Ketone bodies in metabolism

Chapter 19
 

The mitochondrion

Electron carriers in ETS

Overview of ETS

ETS complex 1

ETS complex 3

ETS complex 4

The Redox Table

Redox example from complex 1

Proton Motive Force

The Chemiosmotic theory

Some experimental support

Motive force of NADH in the ETS

The energetics of ATP synthesis

The mechanism of ATP synthase

ATP synthase in action

A movie of the synthase from the side

A movie of the synthase from the top

A movie of the whole synthesis model

Nucleotide translocation

The glycerol phosphate shuttle for cytoplasmic NADH

The malate-aspartate shuttle

Thermogenin and heat

Photosynthesis
 

Our Friend, Mr. Sun

Photo pigments

Harvesting the light spectrum

Light harvesting machinery

Exciton capture

Bacterial photosystems are simple

Structure of a bacterial photosystem

The "Z" scheme of higher plants

Membrane organization of PS

Creating a proton gradient

The Mn water splitter

The energetics of photosynthesis

Comparison of mitochondrion and chloroplasts

The simplest light pump

Photosynthesis - Dark Reacton Headlines

Rubisco fixes CO2

The Calvin Cycle

 

 

Giant Catabolic Roundup
 

catabolic roundup